Green House Effect- Earth's Rising Major Threat

Image for representative purpose only.

Green House Effect- The Main Cause of Global Warming

The greenhouse effect is a continuous method  by which heat radiation from a planet's atmosphere warms the planet's surface to a temperature above what it would be without its atmosphere. The greenhouse effect continuously upsurge the temperature of the Earth by ambush heat in our atmosphere. This handles the temperature of the Earth greater than it would be if direct heating by the Sun was the only source of warming. When sunlight reaches the surface of the Earth, some of it is absorbed which heats the ground and some reflects back to space as heat. Greenhouse gases that are in the atmosphere consumes and then bounce some of this heat back towards the Earth. Earth’s natural greenhouse effect is important  to supporting life. Human activities, mainly the burning of fossil fuels and clearing of forests, have invigorated the greenhouse effect and caused global warming. The other planets in Earth's solar system are very hot or bitterly cold, Earth's surface has nearly optimum, stable temperatures. Earth relish these temperatures because of its atmosphere, which is the film layer of gases that camouflage and prevent the planet. Nonetheless, 97 percent of climate scientists acknowledge that humans have alternated the Earth's atmosphere in breath-taking ways over the last two centuries, culminating in global warming. To discern global warming, it's important to become usual with the greenhouse effect, though.

History

In the year 1824 A.D., Joseph Fourier first argued the existence of the greenhouse effect. Later in the year 1827 A.D. Claude Pouillet strengthened the evidence of greenhouse effect. John Tyndall in 1859 measured the radiative properties of specific greenhouse gases. Down the line in the year  1896 A.D., the effect of greenhouse was fully quantified by Svante Arrhenius. He made the first prediction quantitatively of global warming due to a hypothetical doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The term was first used in this way by Nils Gustaf Ekholm in 1901 AD.

How does Energy in and Energy Out occurs? 

There's a delightful adjust act occurring every day all crosswise the Earth, affecting the heat radiation the planet accepts from space and the radiation that's bounces back out to space. Earth is constantly bombarded with massive amounts of radiation, mainly from the sun. This solar radiation hits the Earth's atmosphere in the form of visible light, plus ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR) and other types of radiation that are invisible to the human eye. UV radiation has a shorter wavelength and a greater energy level than visible light, while IR radiation has a greater wavelength and a lesser energy level. About 30 percent of the heat radiation striking Earth's atmosphere is immediately bounces back out to space by clouds, ice, snow, sand and other bounce surfaces, according to NASA. The remaining 70 percent of approaching solar radiation is absorbed by the oceans, the land and the atmosphere. As they heat up, the oceans, land and atmosphere gives out heat in the form of IR thermal radiation, which gives out of the atmosphere and into space. It's this balance of incoming and outgoing radiation that makes the Earth habitable, with an average temperature of about 59 degrees Fahrenheit (15 degrees Celsius), according to NASA. Without this atmospheric balance, Earth would be as terrific cold and lifeless as its moon, or as extreme hot as Venus. The moon, which has almost no atmosphere, is about minus 243 F (minus 153 C) on its dark side. Venus, on the other hand, has a very impenetrable atmosphere that ambush solar radiation; the average temperature on Venus is about 864 F (462 C).

Greenhouse gases

The primary greenhouse gases which are found in earth’s atmosphere are as follows:

• Water vapour: 36-70%
• Carbon Dioxide: 9-26 %
• Methane: 4-9%
• Ozone: 3-7%

It is impossible to accredit a specific percentage to each gas because the absorption and emission bands of the gases imbricate. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and the fluorinated gases are all well-mixed gases in the atmosphere that unreacted to changes in temperature and air pressure, so the levels of these gases are unaffected by condensation. Water vapour on the other hand, is a highly active component of the climate system that responds rapidly to changes in conditions by either condensing into rain or snow, or evaporating to return to the atmosphere. Thus the impact of the greenhouse effect is primarily broadcast through water vapour, and it acts as a fast assessment. Carbon dioxide and the other non-condensing greenhouse gases are the cornerstone within the Earth's atmosphere that sustain the greenhouse effect and control its strength. Water vapour is a fast-acting feedback but its atmospheric concentration is controlled by the radiative forcing supplied by the non-condensing greenhouse gases.

Can the greenhouse effect be reversed?

Scientists acknowledge that the disturbance to the Earth's atmosphere and climate is past the point of no return or that the damage is near the point of no return. "I agree that we have passed the point of avoiding climate change," Josef Werne, an associate professor at the department of geology & planetary science at the University of Pittsburgh told Live Science. In Werne's opinion, there are three options from this point forward: 

• Do nothing and live with the consequences.
• Adapt to the changing climate.
• Mitigate the impact of climate change by aggressively enacting policies that actually reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Carbon dioxide is composed by fossil fuel burning and other activities such as cement production and tropical deforestation. In 1960 ,measurements of carbon dioxide from the Mauna Loa observatory show that concentrations have rised from about 313 parts per million (ppm) to about 389 ppm in 2010. In the year 2013, on 9th of May, it reached the 400 ppm milestone. The current observed amount of carbon dioxide crosses the geological record maxima (~300 ppm) from ice core data. In the year 1896 Svante Arrhenius described the effect of combustion-produced carbon dioxide on the global climate, a special case of the greenhouse effect . It is also been called the Callendar effect.